You already like the plant. What you need next is another one from what you already have: a stem cutting, a divided clump, an air-layer, or seed. That is a different hour from setting a nursery plant in the ground. That is the job of these notes.
They are written for the tray on the bench and the clump you lift to split. A cutting is not a seed tray, and a divided clump is not a transplant. Seed is slower, and seedlings of a named hybrid will not always match the parent. Air-layer is for wood that will not root in a jar. The small label under each name tells you which method you are opening.
Below, guides sit A–Z by plant name. Open the one that matches what you have in hand. Read the first answers near the top; skip a seed note if you came to take a cutting.
A
Air-Layer Longan Until Roots Fill the WrapPropagating
American Barrenwort From Seed – Sow Fresh, Never DryFrom seed
American Bladdernut From Seed – Sow FreshFrom seed
Antelope Bitterbrush From Seed – Strip the HuskFrom seed
Autumn Ox-Eye Daisy From Seed – Surface-SowFrom seed
Azure Bluet From Seed – Surface-Sow After a Cold WinterFrom seed
B
Beargrass From Seed – Soak Then Cold-MoistFrom seed
Bells of Ireland From Seed – Surface-Sow After ChillFrom seed
Bellwort From Seed – Sow Fresh, Never DryFrom seed
Blanket Flower From Seed – After Frost, Named Packs DifferFrom seed
Bloodroot From Seed – Sow Before It DriesFrom seed
Blue Throatwort From Seed – Surface-Sow, UncoveredFrom seed
C
Calendula From Seed – Direct Sow or Indoor StartFrom seed
California Bay From Seed – Keep Cool and MoistFrom seed
California Goldfields From Seed – Surface-SowFrom seed
California Poppy From Seed – in Place in Fall or SpringFrom seed
Carolina Bushpea From Seed – Nick or Hot-SoakFrom seed
Catalpa From Seed – Dry Pods, No PretreatmentFrom seed
Cattail From Seed – Sow on Moist Mud or IndoorsFrom seed
Clarkia From Seed – Surface-Sow in Cool SoilFrom seed
Clove Seeds for Planting – Sow Fresh From the FruitPropagating
Coleus From Seed – Surface-Sow Before FrostFrom seed
Columbine From Seed – Surface-Sow After ChillFrom seed
Common Madia From Seed – Surface-SowFrom seed
Cosmos From Seed – After Frost, Barely CoveredFrom seed
Creamcups From Seed – Surface-Sow in PlaceFrom seed
Creosote Bush From Seed – Hull and SoakFrom seed
D
Dahlberg Daisy From Seed – Surface-Sow in LightFrom seed
Dandelion From Seed – Surface-Sow in LightFrom seed
Death Camas From Seed – Fall Sow, One Dry SummerFrom seed
Desert Smoke Tree From Seed – Soak or NickFrom seed
Divide Agapanthus When Bloom DropsPropagating
Divide Asters – Congested Mats, Drop the Woody CenterPropagating
Divide Astilbe – Thin Center in Spring or FallPropagating
Divide Bee Balm – Spring or Early FallPropagating
Divide Coneflowers When the Centers ThinPropagating
Divide Coral Bells When the Center Turns WoodyPropagating
Divide Coreopsis – When the Center Turns WoodyPropagating
Divide Daylilies – When the Clump CrowdsPropagating
Divide Dianthus – Refresh Woody CentersPropagating
Divide Hardy Geraniums – Spring or Late SummerPropagating
Divide Hellebores – Crown HighPropagating
Divide HostasPropagating
Divide Iris in Summer After BloomPropagating
Divide Phlox – Spring or Early FallPropagating
Divide Sedum – Upright Clumps When CongestedPropagating
Douglas Fir From Seed – Soak Then a Cold MonthFrom seed
Dudleya From Seed – Surface-SowFrom seed
Dyer’s Woad From Seed – Soak and Sow ShallowFrom seed
E
F
Fernleaf Biscuitroot From Seed – Sow in Late FallFrom seed
Feverfew From Seed – Surface-Sow in LightFrom seed
Fiji Palm From Seed – Soak Then PeelFrom seed
Flaxleaf Whitetop Aster From Seed – Winter-Sow OutdoorsFrom seed
Foxgloves From Seed – Surface-SowFrom seed
Foxnut From Seed – Moist and Cold Without NickingFrom seed
Fringe Cups From Seed – Ripe Seed in a Cold FrameFrom seed
G
Gerbera Daisy From Seed – Pointed End UpFrom seed
Giant Water Lily From Seed – Keep Wet, Nick the CoatFrom seed
Globemallow From Seed – Scarify Then Sow in FallFrom seed
Greenthread From Seed – Fall Sow, Barely CoveredFrom seed
Grow an Oak Tree From an Acorn – Toss FloatersPropagating
Grow Aniseroot From Seed – Fall, Barely CoveredFrom seed
Grow Avocado Seed – Pointed End UpPropagating
Grow Desert Ironwood From Seed – Soak OvernightFrom seed
Grow Empress Tree From Seed – Surface-Sow in LightFrom seed
Grow Flowering Tobacco From Seed – Surface-SowFrom seed
Grow German Chamomile From Seed – Surface-Sow in LightFrom seed
Grow Guava From Seed in Warm MixFrom seed
Grow Hop-hornbeam From Seed – Fall, Barely CoveredFrom seed
Grow Indian Plum From Seed – Cold Moist RestFrom seed
Grow Lotus From Seed – File the Coat Then SoakFrom seed
Grow Lychee From Seed – Sow Fresh From the FruitFrom seed
Grow Macadamia From Seed – Micropyle to the SideFrom seed
Grow Mango From Seed – Fresh Seed From the HuskFrom seed
Grow Miterwort From Seed – Surface-Sow, Never DryFrom seed
Grow Mulberry From Seed – After a Cold SpellFrom seed
Grow Palo Verde From Seed – Nick Then Soak OvernightFrom seed
Grow Pomegranate From Seed – Seedlings Won’t MatchFrom seed
Grow Poppies From Seed – Surface-SowFrom seed
Grow Porterweed From Cuttings in Warm WeatherPropagating
Grow Rambutan From Seed – Sown FreshFrom seed
Grow Sapodilla From Seed – Fresh Seed, Just MoistFrom seed
Grow Showy Medinilla From Seed – Leach Tannins Then SowFrom seed
Grow Smoothstem Blazingstar From Seed – Fall or ChillFrom seed
Grow Sourwood From Seed – Surface-Sow in LightFrom seed
Grow Texas Rock Rose From Seed – After a Hot-Water SoakFrom seed
Grow Wild Quinine From Seed – Fall or a Cold Moist ChillFrom seed
H
Hairy False Goldenaster From Seed – Surface-SowFrom seed
Hardy Gloxinia From Seed – Surface-SowFrom seed
Hardy Orange From Seed – Fresh or After a ChillFrom seed
Heliotrope From Seed – Sow Indoors Before FrostFrom seed
Himalayan Blue Poppy From Seed – Surface-Sow Then ChillFrom seed
Hollyhocks From Seed – Year-One Rosette or First BloomFrom seed
Hop Tree From Seed – Barely Covered in FallFrom seed
J
K
L
M
Mangosteen From Seed – Sow Fresh From the FruitFrom seed
Meadow Beauty From Seed – Chill Then Surface-SowFrom seed
Mexican Buckeye From Seed – Fresh in Warm SoilFrom seed
Mexican Sunflower From Seed – After Frost, Barely CoverFrom seed
Moss Rose From Seed – After Frost, Barely CoveredFrom seed
Mullein From Seed – Surface-Sow After FrostFrom seed
N
O
P
Painted Tongue From Seed – Surface-SowFrom seed
Phacelia From Seed – After Frost, Barely CoveredFrom seed
Pigeonberry From Seed – Sow Without a ChillFrom seed
Poached Egg Plant From Seed – Surface-SowFrom seed
Polka-Dot Plant From Seed – Surface-SowFrom seed
Prairie Junegrass From Seed – Surface-SowFrom seed
Prairie Nymph From Seed – Surface-SowFrom seed
Princes Plume From Seed – Outdoors in Late FallFrom seed
Propagate a Cast Iron Plant From a Rhizome SplitPropagating
Propagate a Rabbit Foot Fern From a Rhizome CuttingPropagating
Propagate a ZZ Plant – Leaflet or DividePropagating
Propagate Aeonium From a Cut RosettePropagating
Propagate Agave From Rooted PupsPropagating
Propagate Aglaonema From a NodePropagating
Propagate Alocasia From a Rooted OffsetPropagating
Propagate Aloe From a Rooted PupPropagating
Propagate Alpine Snowbell – Divide After the Bells FadePropagating
Propagate Anthurium – Stem or DividePropagating
Propagate Apple Trees – Graft in Late WinterPropagating
Propagate Areca Palm From a Split ClumpPropagating
Propagate Arrowhead Plant From a Stem With a NodePropagating
Propagate Asparagus Fern – Divide the Tuber ClumpPropagating
Propagate Avocado – Graft a Named ScionPropagating
Propagate Baby’s Tears – Divide a Rooted PiecePropagating
Propagate Bacopa From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Barbados Cherry From a Leafy CuttingPropagating
Propagate Bat Flower – Divide the Rhizome in SpringPropagating
Propagate Bay Laurel From a Late-Summer CuttingPropagating
Propagate Beauty Bush From a Greenwood CuttingPropagating
Propagate Begonias – Stem or Leaf CuttingPropagating
Propagate Bird of Paradise From a Fan With RootsPropagating
Propagate Bismarck PalmFrom seed
Propagate Black Pepper From a Runner CuttingPropagating
Propagate Bloodleaf From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Blue Latan Palm From Fresh SeedPropagating
Propagate Blue Potato Bush From a Semi-Ripe CuttingPropagating
Propagate Boston Fern – Divide or Pin a RunnerPropagating
Propagate Bottle PalmFrom seed
Propagate Bowman’s Root – Divide in Spring or FallPropagating
Propagate Bulblet Bladder Fern From Ripe BulbletsPropagating
Propagate Butchers Broom – Divide in SpringPropagating
Propagate Button Fern From a Spring DivisionPropagating
Propagate Cabbage Palm From Fresh SeedPropagating
Propagate Calibrachoa From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Candytuft From Tip Cuttings After BloomPropagating
Propagate Cape Honeysuckle From a Green StemPropagating
Propagate Caranday Palm – Seed After a Warm SoakPropagating
Propagate Carolina Jessamine From a CuttingPropagating
Propagate Carolina Redroot – Divide Rhizomes in SpringPropagating
Propagate Catalina Ironwood From Autumn SeedPropagating
Propagate Catalpa – Softwood Cutting After SpringPropagating
Propagate Cattail – Divide Rhizomes in SpringPropagating
Propagate Chichipe From a CuttingPropagating
Propagate Chilean Guava From a Summer Heel CuttingPropagating
Propagate Chilean Myrtle From a Summer Heel CuttingPropagating
Propagate Chilean Wine Palm – Soak or Crack the PitPropagating
Propagate Chinese Fan Palm From a Cleaned SeedPropagating
Propagate Chinese Money Plant From a Ready PupPropagating
Propagate Chirita From a Leaf CuttingPropagating
Propagate Christmas Cactus From Segments at a JointPropagating
Propagate Coleus From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Coontie From a Rooted PupPropagating
Propagate Cordyline – Cane or Ti LogPropagating
Propagate Crimson Flag Lily From DivisionPropagating
Propagate Crocodile Fern – Divide a Rhizome in SpringPropagating
Propagate Crotons From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Cushion Bush From a Semi-Ripe CuttingPropagating
Propagate Daisy Bush From a CuttingPropagating
Propagate Desert Rose – Seed or a Callused CuttingPropagating
Propagate Diascia From a Non-Flowering TipPropagating
Propagate Dioon – Seed or a Rooted PupPropagating
Propagate Dracaena – Cane, Tip, or Snake LeafPropagating
Propagate Dragon Fruit From Callused CuttingsPropagating
Propagate Dudleya From an OffsetPropagating
Propagate Duranta From a Green Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Dyckia From a Bottom PupPropagating
Propagate Earth Star – Pup at One ThirdPropagating
Propagate Easter Cactus From a Stem SegmentPropagating
Propagate Easter Lily Cactus From a Callused PupPropagating
Propagate Echeveria From a Dried Whole LeafPropagating
Propagate Elephant Bush From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Empress Tree From a Root CuttingPropagating
Propagate English Ivy From a Node CuttingPropagating
Propagate Esperanza From a Green StemPropagating
Propagate Euphorbia From a Washed CuttingPropagating
Propagate European Fan Palm – Cleaned Seed in Warm MixPropagating
Propagate Fairy Elephant’s Feet by Splitting a ClumpPropagating
Propagate Fan Flower From a Flower-Free StemPropagating
Propagate Fatsia Japonica From a Firm CuttingPropagating
Propagate Ficus – Air Layer or a CuttingPropagating
Propagate Firebush From a CuttingPropagating
Propagate Firecracker Plant From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Flame Violet From a Four-Leaf PlantletPropagating
Propagate Florida Silver Palm – Fresh Cleaned SeedPropagating
Propagate Forest Lily – Split Offsets in Late SummerPropagating
Propagate Foxtail Palm From Fresh SeedPropagating
Propagate Frangipani From a Callused CuttingPropagating
Propagate Freesia – Cormels After Leaves YellowPropagating
Propagate Furcraea From Flower-Stalk BulbilsPropagating
Propagate Galax – Spring DivisionPropagating
Propagate Gloxinia From a LeafPropagating
Propagate Golden Chain Tree From Hardwood CuttingsPropagating
Propagate Goldenseal From Rhizome PiecesPropagating
Propagate Goldfish Plant From a Stem-Tip CuttingPropagating
Propagate Griselinia From a CuttingPropagating
Propagate Gunnera From a Side CrownPropagating
Propagate Halimiocistus From a CuttingPropagating
Propagate Haworthia From a Rooted PupPropagating
Propagate Heliotrope From a CuttingPropagating
Propagate Hens and Chicks From a Rooted OffsetPropagating
Propagate Honey Bush From a Basal ShootPropagating
Propagate Hopbush From a Semi-Hardwood CuttingPropagating
Propagate Hoya From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Hyssop From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Ice Plant From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Impatiens From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Indian Pink – Divide a ClumpPropagating
Propagate Indian Plum – Hardwood Cutting or SuckerPropagating
Propagate Jade Plants – Callus Stem or LeafPropagating
Propagate Jade Vine From a Semi-Ripe CuttingPropagating
Propagate Japanese Holly Fern From DivisionPropagating
Propagate Japanese Kerria From Rooted SuckersPropagating
Propagate Japanese Skimmia From a Semi-Ripe CuttingPropagating
Propagate Japanese Wood Poppy From DivisionPropagating
Propagate Jasmine From a Cutting or a Layered StemPropagating
Propagate Jewel Orchid From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Josephs Coat From a Tip Before FrostPropagating
Propagate Kalanchoe From a Callused StemPropagating
Propagate Kangaroo Paw by Division in SpringPropagating
Propagate Lady Palm – Divide a Sucker in SpringPropagating
Propagate Lambs Ear From a Spring DividePropagating
Propagate Lemon Balm – Stem Cutting or DividePropagating
Propagate Lignum VitaeFrom seed
Propagate Lion’s Tail From a Green Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Lipstick Palm From a Rooted SuckerPropagating
Propagate Liriope – Divide Into 3 to 5 FansPropagating
Propagate Living Stones – Seed or a Taproot DivisionPropagating
Propagate Lychee From an Air LayerPropagating
Propagate Macadamia – Graft a Named ScionPropagating
Propagate Macodes From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Madagascar Palm From Fresh SeedPropagating
Propagate Maidenhair Fern From a DivisionPropagating
Propagate Mandevilla – Stem Cutting in MixPropagating
Propagate Mangave – Pup or an Unrooted CutPropagating
Propagate Mango – Graft a Named ScionPropagating
Propagate Matilija Poppy From a Winter RootPropagating
Propagate Mexican Blue PalmFrom seed
Propagate Mickey Mouse Plant From a Summer CuttingPropagating
Propagate Mistletoe Cactus From a Spring StemPropagating
Propagate Money Tree – Stem Cutting or SeedPropagating
Propagate Monstera From a NodePropagating
Propagate Mulberry Tree From Hardwood CuttingsPropagating
Propagate Myrtle From a Semi-Ripe CuttingPropagating
Propagate Narra From a Thick Branch StakePropagating
Propagate Needle Palm From Cleaned SeedPropagating
Propagate Nerve Plant From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate New Zealand Christmas TreeFrom seed
Propagate New Zealand Iris From a Spring DivisionPropagating
Propagate Night Blooming Jasmine – Summer StemPropagating
Propagate Nippon Daisy From May CuttingsPropagating
Propagate Norfolk Pine – Seed or a Gift-Clump SplitPropagating
Propagate Nun’s Orchid – Spent Spike or a SplitPropagating
Propagate Nutmeg – Fresh Seed or an Air-LayerPropagating
Propagate Ocean Spray – Fall-Sown or Chilled SeedPropagating
Propagate Oconee Bells – Divide Runners After BloomPropagating
Propagate Old Man Cactus – Stem Cutting After It DriesPropagating
Propagate Old Man of the Andes From a Dried Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Oleander From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Olive From a Summer CuttingPropagating
Propagate Orange Jasmine From a Semi-Hardwood CuttingPropagating
Propagate Orchid Cactus From a Callused CuttingPropagating
Propagate Organ Pipe Cactus From a CuttingPropagating
Propagate Pale Dewplant From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Partridge Berry From a Rooted StemPropagating
Propagate Passion Flower – Seed or a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Patchouli From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Paurotis PalmFrom seed
Propagate Peace Lily – Divide the CrownsPropagating
Propagate Pellionia From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Peperomia – Leaf, Stem, or WaterPropagating
Propagate Persian Carpet Flower From a Stem on GritPropagating
Propagate Persian Shield From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Phalaenopsis – From a Keiki With RootsPropagating
Propagate Philodendron From a NodePropagating
Propagate Pincushion Cactus From a Callused PupPropagating
Propagate Pindo PalmFrom seed
Propagate Polka Dot Plant From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Potato Vine From a CuttingPropagating
Propagate Pothos From a Stem NodePropagating
Propagate Prayer Plant – Divide or a Node CuttingPropagating
Propagate Prickly Pear – Callused Upright PadPropagating
Propagate Pussytoes From a Rooted StolonPropagating
Propagate Puya From a PupPropagating
Propagate Quince From Hardwood CuttingsPropagating
Propagate Rambutan – Graft or Air-LayerPropagating
Propagate Rebutia From a Callused OffsetPropagating
Propagate Royal Palm From Cleaned SeedPropagating
Propagate Ruby Necklace From a Stem Set on GritPropagating
Propagate Sago Palm – Rooted Pup Once DryPropagating
Propagate Sapodilla – Graft a Named ScionPropagating
Propagate Sassafras – Root Cutting or a SuckerPropagating
Propagate Satin Pothos From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Saw Palmetto From Seed After a Warm SoakFrom seed
Propagate Seven Son Flower From a CuttingPropagating
Propagate Showy Medinilla From a Spring Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Siberian Cypress From a Summer CuttingPropagating
Propagate Simpson’s Stopper – Cutting or a SuckerPropagating
Propagate Skeleton-Leaf Goldeneye From a Softwood TipPropagating
Propagate Spicebush From a Summer CuttingPropagating
Propagate Spider Plant – Rooted Plantlet on the MotherPropagating
Propagate Spiny-Headed Mat-Rush – Divide in Spring or FallPropagating
Propagate Split RockFrom seed
Propagate Spotted Laurel From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Staghorn Fern From a Pup With RootsPropagating
Propagate Stapelia – Lay a Stem on GritPropagating
Propagate Star CactusFrom seed
Propagate Starfish Cactus From a Dried StemPropagating
Propagate StenocactusFrom seed
Propagate Stephanotis From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate String of Hearts – Tuber on the VinePropagating
Propagate String of Pearls From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Sundew From a Dewy LeafPropagating
Propagate Swedish Ivy From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Texas Rock Rose From a Softwood TipPropagating
Propagate Texas Sacahuista From a Winter OffshootPropagating
Propagate Texas Sage From This Year’s WoodPropagating
Propagate Tiger Aloe From a Rooted PupPropagating
Propagate Tiger Jaws From a Rosette OffsetPropagating
Propagate ToyonFrom seed
Propagate Tradescantia – Node in Water or MixPropagating
Propagate Trailing Ice Plant From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Turk’s Cap From a Softwood CuttingPropagating
Propagate Turk’s-Cap Cactus From Fresh SeedPropagating
Propagate Umbilicus From a Softwood CuttingPropagating
Propagate Vanda From a Rooted KeikiPropagating
Propagate Vanilla From a Two-Node CuttingPropagating
Propagate Variegated Mint Bush From a Semi-Hardwood CuttingPropagating
Propagate Venus Flytrap From a Leaf With the White BasePropagating
Propagate Vinca From a Node or CuttingPropagating
Propagate Walking Iris – Pin a Plantlet on the StalkPropagating
Propagate Whisk Fern – Divide in SpringPropagating
Propagate Wild Coffee From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Willow Trees From a Dormant CuttingPropagating
Propagate Windmill Palm From Cleaned SeedPropagating
Propagate Wintersweet – Summer Softwood CuttingPropagating
Propagate Woolly Bluecurls From a Firming CuttingPropagating
Propagate Yesterday Today and Tomorrow From a Stem CuttingPropagating
Propagate Yucca Plant From a Rooted OffsetPropagating
Ptilotus From Seed – Surface-Sow in LightFrom seed
Purple Bell Vine From Seed – Surface-SowFrom seed
Purpletop From Seed – After a Cold Moist WinterFrom seed
Pussytoes From Seed – Surface-Sow in LightFrom seed
Puya From Seed – Surface-SowFrom seed
Q
R
S
Sassafras From Seed – Cold and MoistFrom seed
Showy Goldeneye From Seed – Chill, Then Surface-SowFrom seed
Silene From Seed – Surface-Sow After ColdFrom seed
Sisyrinchium From Seed – Fall or a Fridge ChillFrom seed
Skullcap From Seed – Chill Then Surface-SowFrom seed
Snapdragons From Seed – Surface-SowFrom seed
Sow Hyacinth Bean Seeds After FrostPropagating
Sow Mexican Fan Palm Seeds Clean in a Deep PotPropagating
Spanish Broom From Seed – Hot-Water SoakFrom seed
Spicebush From Seed – Cold and MoistFrom seed
Streambank Wild Hollyhock From Seed – Scarify Then ChillFrom seed
Swamp Pink From Seed – Sow Fresh on Wet PeatFrom seed
Sweetscent From Seed – Surface-SowFrom seed
T
V
W
Wasabi From Seed – Chill Then Sow CoolFrom seed
West Indian Mahogany From Seed – Sow FreshFrom seed
Wild Senna From Seed – Nick Then SoakFrom seed
Winecup From Seed – Scarify, Sow Barely CoveredFrom seed
Winterfat From Seed – Surface-Sow in FallFrom seed
Wintersweet From Seed – Ripe Seed, Years to BloomFrom seed
Wood Poppy From Seed – Sow When Capsules SplitFrom seed
