Types of Sumac – Colony, Low, or Western

Types of Sumac – Colony, Low, or Western guide illustration

Choose sumac by group first: a colony tree, a low fragrant shrub, or a western dry shrub.

Types of Sumac care summary diagram

Choose a colony tree, a low fragrant shrub, or a western dry shrub first

FactorRecommendedAvoid
Colony treeStaghorn, smooth, winged, or flameleaf for a thicketDo not plant a colony against a foundation you cannot mow
Low shrubFragrant or skunkbush if you want a two-to-six-foot rambleDo not buy fragrant when you wanted a twenty-foot colony
Western drySugar or littleleaf for a dry-site shrubDo not treat African Searsia as a native colony
Shop namesRead the Latin; Gro-Low is a dwarf fragrant selectionDo not treat every tag as a different genus

Know your USDA hardiness zone before you pick a type of rhus that will take your winter. Type your ZIP below.

2023 USDA ZIP listings (PRISM / USDA-ARS). Find Your USDA Hardiness Zone · Official USDA map.

Read the species on the tag. Sumacs share sun and drain; they do not share one outline. [1] [2] [3] [4] Staghorn is the colony tree. Fragrant is the low ramble. Sugar is the western evergreen. Male and female flowers often sit on separate plants, so you need a female if you want the red cones. Once you know the kind, site it on How to Grow Sumac.

Which kind of sumac should I plant?

Start with a colony tree unless you want a low fragrant ramble or a western dry shrub. Read the Latin — African sumac is Searsia.

Is Gro-Low a different species?

No. Gro-Low is a dwarf fragrant sumac selection. Fragrant sumac is the low group here.

Browse by kind

Match the outline you want, then pick that kind. A colony tree and a low fragrant shrub do not share one size. Care for the plant you already have on How to Grow Sumac.

Colony trees

staghorn sumac is the usual colony tree: velvet twigs and upright red cones, often fifteen to twenty-five feet. smooth sumac is the same outline with hairless stems. winged sumac has a leafy wing along the leaf stalk. prairie flameleaf sits in that same tall class. Dissecta and Tiger Eyes are cutleaf staghorn selections, not a different genus. Tiger Eyes is female and stays smaller than the species.

Low fragrant and skunkbush

fragrant sumac stays two to six feet and rambles. It is smaller and less aggressive than a colony tree. skunkbush is the western low shrub in the same class.

Western dry shrubs

sugar sumac is an evergreen western shrub. littleleaf sumac is a desert kind. African sumac is Searsia lancea, an evergreen street tree — not a native Rhus colony.

Read the Latin on the tag — a colony tree and a low fragrant shrub do not share one outline.

FAQ

Is African sumac the same plant?

No. African sumac is Searsia lancea, an evergreen street tree. It is not a native Rhus colony.

Is Tiger Eyes a fragrant sumac?

No. Tiger Eyes is a golden cutleaf staghorn. It sits in the colony-tree group.

References

  1. [1] Virginia Cooperative Extension - https://www.pubs.ext.vt.edu/content/dam/pubs_ext_vt_edu/3010/3010-1486/3010-1486.pdf
  2. [2] NC State Extension Gardener - https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/rhus-aromatica/
  3. [3] NC State Extension Gardener - https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/rhus-copallinum/
  4. [4] Missouri Department of Conservation - https://mdc.mo.gov/discover-nature/field-guide/sumacs

This note is part of Rhus Guides.

More type comparisons by plant are gathered in Types of Plants Guides.

Updated: Reviewed by Bosquelle Editors

This guide is written for real gardens, not perfect climates. Results vary with site, season, and plant choice. We draw on multiple sources and practical experience; treat the steps here as honest guidance, not a promise that every bed will behave the same.